Fonte Aretusa (Fountain of Arethusa), Syracuse

The Fountain of Arethusa is a natural spring located on the enchanting island of Ortygia, which forms the historical center of Syracuse. Steeped in Greek mythology and literary references, this freshwater spring holds a special place in the heart of the city.

According to ancient Greek mythology, the fountain is where the nymph Arethusa, the revered patron figure of ancient Syracuse, emerged to the earth's surface after fleeing from her undersea abode in Arcadia. This tale of her transformation is interwoven with the very essence of Syracuse's identity.

Throughout the annals of literature, the Fountain of Arethusa has made numerous appearances, leaving its mark on the works of celebrated writers. Notable references can be found in John Milton's pastoral elegy, "Lycidas," and his masque "Arcades." Alexander Pope mentioned it in his satirical masterpiece, "The Dunciad," while William Wordsworth's blank verse poem, "The Prelude," also pays homage to this natural wonder.

The illustrious Virgil, in his 10th Eclogue, and Theocritus in his pastoral poem, "Idylls," both acknowledged the fountain. In Virgil's poetic vision, the nymph Arethusa served as the muse for bucolic and pastoral poetry.

Even Herman Melville, the author of "Moby-Dick," was captivated by the Fountain of Arethusa. In his writings, he alludes to the belief that the fountain's waters originated from the Holy Land, adding to its mystique.

The Fountain of Arethusa, along with the River Ciane south of Syracuse and the River Fiume Freddo in the province of Catania, holds the unique distinction of being one of the only places in Europe where papyrus plants flourish. This botanical rarity adds to the allure of the fountain's natural beauty.

Today, the Fountain of Arethusa stands as one of Syracuse's most visited and cherished sites. It represents not only a source of freshwater but also a connection to the city's ancient mythology and literary heritage. In the company of Saint Lucy, it symbolizes the city's motto, the "City of Water and Light," resonating with the spirit of Syracuse and all those who visit this extraordinary place.