Kongresni trg (Congress Square), Ljubljana

Jože Plečnik's influence on Ljubljana's cityscape is often seen as a mix of sensitivity and boldness, and he certainly embodied both traits. He took the lead in reshaping squares, fearlessly relocating monuments and reimagining facades. One of his major undertakings was the transformation of Congress Square and the nearby Star Park ("Park Zvezda"), aiming to create a grand focal point for the city. Plečnik laid a grid of light concrete slabs bordered in black, repositioned the Trinity Column to align with the Ursuline Church and the Philharmonic Building, and enhanced it with a row of lamps. This not only heightened the church's prominence but also introduced a new staircase in front of its main entrance. In Star Park, he replaced chestnut trees with plane trees, narrowed pathways, and installed a new fountain. The true impact of his changes can be fully appreciated with aerial or historical photographs.

Originally used for ceremonies during the post-Napoleonic Congress of Ljubljana, the square has been a witness to many pivotal events throughout history. It was here that independence from Austria-Hungarian rule was proclaimed on October 29, 1918, leading to the establishment of the State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs. Yugoslav Communist leader Josip Tito delivered a speech facing the square in 1945. A demonstration held here in June 1988 played a part in Slovenia's eventual independence three years later. Even U.S. President Bill Clinton visited Congress Square in 1999. Additionally, there is a memorial site commemorating a significant historical event – namely, an anchor atop a pedestal marking the annexation of the Slovenian coastal region to Yugoslavia in 1954.